Fleece is a soft, lightweight, and insulating fabric known for its plush texture and excellent warmth-to-weight ratio. The modern fleece fabric was developed in the 1970s by Malden Mills (now Polartec) in the USA as a synthetic alternative to wool, designed to provide warmth without the weight or itchiness of natural fibers. Typically made from polyester, fleece is produced using knit constructions that are brushed on one or both sides to create a soft, fluffy surface that traps air for insulation.
GSM varies from 150–400, depending on intended use, making it suitable for jackets, pullovers, blankets, hats, and linings. Finishing treatments may include anti-pilling, water-repellent coatings, and stretch enhancements to improve performance and durability.
In a textile museum context, fleece exemplifies the innovation of synthetic fibers for comfort and performance, reflecting the shift from natural wool to engineered textiles while maintaining thermal efficiency and tactile appeal.
